Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Questions 21 to 25 are
based on the following passage:
We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?” “And Paul — why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends — or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You're a lucky guy” or “You're a lucky gal,” that's being friendly. But “lucky dog”? There's a bit of
envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the “
dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.
“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker
is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does
what he says square with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his
eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
21.When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, he ____.
A) feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him
B) feels he may not have “read” his friends' true feelings correctly
C) thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as a friend
D) is sorry that his friends let him down
22.By saying “You're a lucky dog.”, the speaker ____.
A) is just being friendly
B) expresses the same meaning as “You're a lucky guy.” or“You
' re a lucky gal.”
C) is humorous to apply the word “dog” to people
D) has a hidden jealous feeling behind the words
23.In listening to a person, the important thing is ____.
A) to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eye
B) to listen to how he pronounces his words
C) to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his
posture
D) not to believe what he says
24.If you followed the advice of the writer, you would ____.
A) weigh carefully what people say to determine their real meaning
B) get along well with people
C) trust what other people say
D) have no doubts about our friends
25.This passage tries to tell you how to ____.
A) avoid mistakes about both money and people
B) say things elegantly
C) avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you
D) keep people friendly without trusting them
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
Sleep is part of a person's daily activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep, and they too occur in cycles. If you are an average sleeper,
your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber (安睡), y
our eyes will roll about a bit, your temperature will drop slightly, your muscles will relax, and your breathing were slow and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit too, with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For
the next half hour or so, as you relax more and more, you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower
your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep.
You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear, to be replaced by the
activity pattern of brain waves. Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids (眼皮) as if you were looking at something occurring in
front of you. This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 15 minutes
and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep period, your body will soon relax again, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more, and you will slip gently back from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep — only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness some 80 minutes later.
26.The stages of sleep take on ____.
A) an irregular aspect.
B) a regular aspect
C) a punctual aspect
D) a similar aspect
27.Stage 4 sleep lasts ____.
A) about 80 minutes
B) about 4060 minutes
C) about 30 munutes
D) about 2040 minutes
28.The brain waves are the slowest during ____.
A) stage 1 C) stage 4
B) stage 2 and stage 3
D) REM sleep
29.In the second paragraph the word “dart” means ____.
A) glare C) stop moving
B) move rapidly or suddenly D) gaze
30.One of the features of REM sleep is that ____.
A) there are large slow waves, though rapid for the first few minutes
B) you have the deepest sleep
C) there are no brain waves
D) the brain waves are a little fast and the brain becomes a little
active
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
Designing a lens can be compared to playing chess. In chess a player tries
to trap his opponent's king in a series of moves. In creating a lens a lens designer attempts to “trap” light by forcing all the rays arising from a single point in the subject to focus on a single point in the image, as a consequence of their passing through a series of transparent( 透明的) elements with precisely curved surfaces. Since in both cases the ultimate goal and the means by which it can be attained are known, one is tempted to think there will be a single best decision at any point along the way. The number of possible consequences flowing from any one decision is so large, however, as to bevirtually, if not actually, infinite. Therefore in lens design, as inchess, perfect solutions to a problem are beyond reach. Although this article will be concerned only with the design of photographic lenses, the same principles apply to all lenses.
The lens designer has one enormous advantage over the chess player: the designer is free to call on any available source of help to guide him through the staggering number of possibilities. Most of that help once came from mathematics and physics, but recently computer technology, information theory,chemistry, industrial engineering and psychophysics have all contributed to making the lens designer's job immeasurably more productive. Some of the lens
es on the market today were inconceivable a decade ago. Others whose design is as much as a century old can now be massproduced at low cost. With the development of automatic production methods, lenses are made by the millions, both out of glass and out of plastics. Today's lenses are better than the best lenses used by the great photographers of the past.Moreover, their price may lower, in spite of the fact that 19thcentury craftsmen worked for only a few dollars a week and today's lenses are more complex. The lens designer cannot fail to be grateful for the science and technology that have made his work easier and his creations more widely available, but he is also humbled: it is no longer practical for a fine photographic lens to be designed from beginning to end by a single human mind.
31.Lens design and chess playing are similar in that ____.
A) the final goal and the means by which it can be reached are kno
wn
B) perfect solutions to a problem can be found
C) any one decision at any point along the way to the goal can bring
numerous possible results
D) both A and C
32.The final goal of designing a lens is ____.
A) to trap the opponent's lenses
B) to focus light with lenses
C) to handmake lenses at low cost
D) to reflect light by means of curved surfaces
33.After the passage the author will talk about ____.
A) the principles of designing lenses
B) techniques of making contact lenses
C) the design of photographic lenses
D) styles of lenses
34.Which of the following words cannot be used to describe
today's lenses?
A) More delicate. C) Numerous.
B) Cheaper. D) Unpopular.
35.Lens designers today ____.
A) have a large source of help to fall back on
B) receive a low salary
C) are less respectable than those of the past
D) are not decisive in the lens design
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
Part Ⅰ starts with a brief introductory chapter and then takes up Style and Organization, covering them in that order because skill or lack of skill in style affects all writing, while much technical writing is so short as to offer no problems of organization. These chapters are followed by one on Mechanics, covering matters of form that are peculiar to technical writing or else crop up in it with abnormal frequency.
The chapter on Special Problems, which follows, performs a dual function. It provides writing assignments that may be used while the study of style, organization, and mechanics is still under way, and it explains ways of handling certain problems that may arise during the writing of reports, proposals, and other longer forms. We have also expanded the treatment of technical articles — recognizing the potential contribution of article writing to the career of the writer and the value of the article to science and technology.
In Part Ⅱ, a change of emphasis at one point is reflected in the new title
for Chapter 8, Nonformal Reports — Their Variation in Form and Purpose, which was formerly called Special Types of Reports. Though certain special types of reports are still discussed, additional emphasis is given to the fact that there does not exist any universally accepted set of types, under
which all reports can be classified.
Two other extensive changes have been made in Part Ⅱ: The chapter on Proposals, which first appeared in the second edition, has been rewritten and substantially expanded so as to cover that important subject more thoroughly. Also, an entirely new chapter, Oral Presentation of Technical Information, has been added. Though a study of this chapter is no substitute for training in public speaking, we believe that its recommendations can nevertheless be of substantial assistance to those who use this book on the numerous occasions when they will be called upon to present their ideas in person before a small group or a large audience.
36.The passage is most probably a preface to ____.
A) a technical writing handbook
B) a handbook on composition
C) a book on a literary writing
D) a scientific paper
37.In part I, the writer arranges the chapters in the order
of ____.
A) Introduction—Organization—Special Problems—Style—Nonformal Reports
B) Introduction—Style—Organization—Special Types of Reports—Mechanics
C) Introduction—Style—Organization—Mechanics—Special Problems
D) Introduction—Style—Proposals—Special Problems—Mechanics
38.You can find some writing exercises in ____.
A) the chapter on Organization
B) the chapter on Style
C) the chapter on Special Problems
D) the chapter on Proposals
39.According to the passage, the chapter on Oral Presentation
of Technical Information appears in ____ of the book.
A) Part Ⅰ of the first edition
B) Part Ⅱ of the second edition
C) Part Ⅰ of the second edition
D) Part Ⅱ of the third edition
40.Which of the following is not true of Part Ⅱ of the new edition?
A) There isn't the chapter on Special Types of Reports.
B) The chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information is rewritten and expanded.
C) The chapter on Proposals is a revised chapter.
D) There is a change of the title of Chapter 8.
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure
(20 minutes)
Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41.____ allow the vegetable to go bad, he sold them at half price.
A) More than C) Other than
B) Rather than D) Better than
42.Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical ____.
A) facilities C) instruments
B) appliances D) equipment
43.He ____ him what he asked.
A) denied C) ignored
B) refuted D) deprived
44.The book does not ____ children.
A) submit to C) confess to
B) appeal to D) consent to
45.We have every size of shoe in ____.
A) storing C) sale
B) stock D) shop
46.I ____ this man with receiving stolen goods.
A) accuse C) scold
B) charge D) blame
47.You've made a mistake—you've ____ the word.
A) left out C) left behind
B) left off D) left for
48.Scientists first ____ the idea of the atomic bomb in the 1930s.
A) competed C) consumed
B) conceived D) concealed
49.You may take an oral or written exam ____ what you prefer.
A) according as C) accordingly
B) according to D) in accord
50.The desks and seats can be ____ to the height of any child.
A) adopted C) adjusted
B) shifted D) corrected
51.No further discussion ____ , the meeting was brought to a close.
A) arising C) arousing
B) raising D) rising
52. ____ , the British working class is better off today than it was a generation ago.
A) By and large C) By no means
B) In detail D) By and by
53.Every man has the right to live where he wants to, ____ the colour of his skin.
A) regardless of C) in case of
B) prior to D) for the sake of
54.The potato crop of 1946 was ____ that of 1945.
A) superior than C) more superior to
B) superior to D) more superior than
55.Books are ____ to scholars.
A) indispensable C) bound to
B) indifferent D) accustomed to
56. ____ such a difficult task, we must redouble our efforts.
A) To face with C) Faced with
B) We are facing D) Facing with
57.Either of these young ladies ____ perfectly qualified to teach Greek, Latin and French.
A) were C) is
B) are D) have been
58.Your hair needed ____ ;I am glad you had it cut.
A) cut C) to cut
B) cutting D) being cut
59.Studying hard is more rewarding ____.
A) than to be lazy C) than to be like a lazy person
B) than being lazy D) than it is to be lazy
60.The Latin class had twenty students, ____ had had much
better language training than I.
A) most of which C) most of them
B) which D) most of whom
61.I wish that he ____ to the movies with me yesterday.
A) went C) was gone
B) could go D) could have gone
62. ____ , the more necessary it is to break it up into a
number of parts which the reader can visualize.
A) The more complex a subject becomes
B) The more becomes a subject complex
C) A subject becomes the more complex
D) The more subjects become essential
63.Close the door, ____ ?
A) will you C) shall you
B) do you D) don't you
64. ____ at the railway station when it began to rain.
A) Hardly had he arrived C) No sooner did he arrive
B) Hardly he had arrived D) No sooner arrived he
65.The storm ____ , they had to live in a cave.
A) has destroyed their hut C) having destroyed their hut
B) to destroy their hut D) being destroyed
66. ____ the number of paid holidays enjoyed by most employees in the company, three weeks of vacation seems generous.
A) Compared with C) Comparing with
B) Compared D) Comparing
67.It was going to be some time ____ he would see his father again.
A) since C) until
B) when D) before
68.He is younger than ____.
A) any other boy in the class
B) any boy in the class
C) all boys in the class
D) you and me as well as the class
69.The establishment of the company shall start from the day
____
the business license of the company is issued.
A) which C) in which B) on which D) whenever
70.You ____ me because I didn't say that.
A) must misunderstand C) must have misunderstood
B) must be misunderstanding D) had to misunderstand
Part Ⅳ Translation from English into Chinese (15 minutes)
Directions:
In this part, there are five items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one or two sentences. These sentences are all taken from the Reading Passages you have just read in the Reading Comprehension of the Test Paper. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.
71. You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly.(Passage 2, Para.2, the First Sentence)
72. In creating a lens a lens designer attempts to “trap” light by forcing all the rays arising from a single point in the subject to focus on a single point in the image, as a consequence of their passing through a series of transparent (透明的) elements with precisely curved surfaces.(Passage 3, Para.1, the Third Sentence)
73. The number of possible consequences flowing from any one decision is so large, however, as to be virtually, if not actually, infinite.(Passage 3, Para.1,the Fifth Sentence)
74. We have also expanded the treatment of technical articles — recognizing the potential contribution of article writing to the career of the writer and the value of the article to science and technology.(Passage 4,Para.2,the Last Sentence)
75.Though a study of this chapter is no substitute for training in public speaking, we believe that its recommendations can nevertheless be of substantial assistance to those who use this book on the numerous occasions when they will be called upon to present their ideas in person before a small group or a large audience.(Passage 4, Para.4,the Last Sentence)
Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions:In this section you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled “Layoffs(下岗) in Stateowned Enterprises”. The first sentence is given to you. Your composition should be no less than 100 words. Remember that the contents of the outline should be included in your composition. You should write your composition on the Answer Sheet.
Layoffs in Stateowned Enterprises
1. 下岗是改革的需要；
2. 下岗会带来的问题；
3. 如何对待下岗所带来的问题；
